Thursday, July 14, 2011

I. PARTS OF SPEECH (Cont.)

VERB (កិរិយាស័់ព្វ)

1.3. What is a verb? តើកិរិយាស័ព្វជាអ្វី?
Main verbs (កិរិយាស័ព្វ​ដែលបំបែក​ប្រើ​ប្រាស់​ក្នុង​ប្រយោគ) បញ្ជាក់​អំពី​ action (សកម្មភាព), occurrence (ការកើតឡើង), state of being (ការ​ពោល​បញ្ជាក់)។ ដើម្បីបង្ហាញ​​អំពី​លក្ខណះ​ទាំង​បី​ខាង​លើ​នេះ សូម​សិក្សា​ឧទាហរណ៏ខាង​ក្រោម:
Ex:
I dance. [action] កិរិយាស័ព្វ បង្ហាញ​អំពី សកម្មភាព
The audience became silent. [occurrence] កិរិយាស័ព្វ បង្ហាញ​ពី​ភាព​ស្ងៀម​ស្ងាត់​បាន​កើត​មាន​ ដែល​​កាល​ពី​មុន​មាន​ភាព​អ៊ឹង​កង
Your dancing was excellent. [state of being ] កិរិយាស័ព្វ គ្រាន់​តែ​បញ្ជាក់​អំពីភាព​អស្ចារ្យ តែ​មិន​បាន​បញ្ជាក់ពី​សកម្មភាពឡើយ

ចំណាំ: ពាក្យ​ថា​ Main Verb គឺ​ជា​កិរិយា​ស័ព្វ​ដែល​គេ​បាន​បំបែក​ពី​ធាតុ​ដើម​របស់​វា (To Infinitive) ប្រើ​ក្នុង​ប្រយោគ​មួយដូចជា To go គឺ​ជា​មូលធាតុ​នៃ​កិរិយាស័ព្វ មិន​ទាន់​ប្រើ​ប្រាស់នៅ​ឡើយ។
To go ពេលបំបែក​ទៅ​ជា:
I go to school with John
She goes to the super market with her family. Main verb go និង goes គឺ​ត្រូវ​បាន​​យក​មក​ប្រើ​ប្រាស់​ក្នុង​ប្រយោគ ហេតុ​នេះ​កិរិយាស័ព្វនេះ បាត់បង់​ធាតុ​ដើមរបស់​វា (To go)

យើង​និង​សិក្សា​លំ​អិត​អំពី State Verbs (កិរិយាស័ព្វបញ្ជាក់​អំពី​សភាវ) និង Action Verbs (កិរិយាស័ព្វ​បញ្ជាក់​អំពី​សកម្មភាព) នៅ​ពេល​ក្រោយ​ទៀត។


1.4. What is a verbal? តើសព្វ​ដែល​ក្លាយ​ពី​កិរិយាសព្ទជា​អ្វី ?
Verbals គឺ​ជា​កិរិយាស័ព្វ​ដែល​មាន​មុខ​ងារ​​ដូច​ជា Nouns (នាម), Adjectives (គុណនាម), ឬ Adverbs (គុណកិរិយា)។ សូម​មើល​មុខ​ងារ​របស់ Verbals ដូច​មាន​ខាង​ក្រោមះ

Verbals and their functions មុខងារ​របស់​សព្វក្លាយ​ពី​កិរិយាសព្ទ

INFINITIVE (មូល​ធាតុ​នៃ​កិរិយាសព្ទ
to + verb

To eat now is inconvenient. (To eat មុខងារ​ជា​នាម Noun)
Still, we have far to go. (មុខងារ​ជាគុណនាម ឬគុណ​កិរិយា Adjective or Adverb)


PAST PARTICIPLE (គុណនាម​កើត​ចេញ​ពី​កិរិយាសព្ទបញ្ចប់​ដោយ ed- ឬ ភាព​ប្រែ​ប្រួល​របស់​កិរិយាសព្ទមិនទៀតទាត់)
-ed form of regular verb or equivalent in irregular verb (គុណកិរិយាដែល​​បញ្ចប់​ដោយ -ed នៃ​កិរិយា​សព្ទ​ទៀង​ទាត់ ឬ​គុណ​កិរិយា​មានដែល​កើត​ចេញ​ពី​កិរិយាសព្ទ​មិន​ទៀត​ទាត់ តែ​មាន​ន័យ​ស្មើ​គុណ​នាម)


សូម​កត់​សំគាល់​អំពី​គុណនាម​កើត​ចេញ​ពី​កិរិយាសព្ទ​ទៀង​ទាត់ និង​មិន​ទៀត​ទាត់
go​ (present)  went (past)  gone  (past participle) កិរិយាសព្ទមិន​ទៀង​ទាត់
(gone គឺ​ជា​គុណ​នាម​មិន​ទៀង​ទាត់ ព្រោះមាន​ការ​ប្រែ​ប្រួល​ធាតុ​ដើម)
educate (present)  educated (past)  educated (past participle) កិរិយាសព្ទទៀត​ទាត់
(educated ជា​គុណ​នាម គ្មាន​ការ​ប្រែ​ប្រួល​ធាតុ​ដើម)
Boiled, filtered water is safe. (Boiled, filtered មុខងារជា​គុណនាម)

PRESENT PARTICIPLE (នាម​ឬ​គុណនាម​កើត​ចេញ​ពី​កិរិយាស័ព្វ​ដែល​បញ្ចប់​ដោយ​ -ing)
-ing form of verb
1. Eating in dinners on the road is an adventure. (Eating មុខងារ​ជា​នាម​កិរិយា [gerund])
2. Running water may not be safe. (Running មុខងារ​ជា​គុណនាម ព្រោះ​វា​នៅមុខ​នាម water)


សូមធ្វើ​លំហាត់​នៅ​គេហទំព័រផ្នែកខាង​ស្តាំ English Grammar Exercises (English Hifen) 

Tuesday, July 12, 2011

I. PARTS OF SPEECH (Cont.)

PRONOUN (សព្វនាម)


1.2. តើសព្វនាមជាអ្វី What is a pronoun?
សព្វនាម​ប្រើ​សំរាប់​ជំនួស​អោយ​នាម។ ពាក្យ​ដែលជំនួស​អោយ​នាម​ត្រូវ​បាន​គេ​ហៅ​ថា Pronoun's ANTECEDENT ។
Ex:
David is an accountant. [David ជា noun]
He is an account. [He ជំនួស​ដោយ​នាម David]
The finance committee needs to consult him. [សព្វនាម him ពោលសំដៅទៅពាក្យ David.]
ដូច្នេះពាក្យ He ត្រូវ​បានគេ​ហៅ​ថា Pronoun's Antecedent។

ប្រភេទ​សព្វនាម:
Personal Pronoun
គឺ ​ជាស​ព្វនាមបញ្ជាក់ទៅ​លើ មនុស្ស ឬ​វត្ថុ ។ដូចជា I (ខ្ញុំ), you (អ្នក), its (វា), her (នាង); they (ពួកគេ), ours (ពួកយើង) និង​សព្វនាមផ្សេងទៀត។
I saw her take a book to them. 


Relative Pronoun
គឺ ​ជាស​ព្វនាមប្រើ​សំរាប់​បង្កើត Noun Clause (ប្រយោគដើរតួជានាម) Adjective Clauses (ប្រយោគ​ដើរ​តួ​ជា​គុណនាម)។ដូចជា who, which, that (ចំពោះ​ពាក្យ​ទាំង​បី​នេះ​បក​ប្រែ​ថា ដែល)។

The book that I lost was valuable. [that ជំនួស​ដោយ​ពាក្យ​ book]

Interrogative Pronoun
គឺ ​ជាស​ព្វនាមប្រើ​សំរាប់​បង្កើត​ជា​សំណួរ។ ដូចជា which (មួយ​ណា?), who (នណា?), whose (​របស់​   ន​ណា?), និងសព្វនាម​ផ្សេង​ទៀត។

Who called? (តើ​ន​ណា​បាន​ហៅ?)

Demonstrative Pronoun
គឺ ​ជាស​ព្វនាមប្រើ​សំរាប់​ចង្អុល​បង្ហាញ Antecedent។ ដូចជា this (មួយនេះ), that (មួយនោះ), these (​ទាំង​អស់​នេះ), those (ទាំង​អស់​នោះ)។

Whose books are these? (តើ​សៀវភៅ​ទាំង​នេះ​ជា​របស់​នណា?


Reflexive or Intensive Pronoun
គឺ ​ជា​សព្វនាមបញ្ជាក់​ត្រឡប់មក antecedent​ វិញ។ ដូចជា myself (ខ្លួនខ្ញុំផ្ទាល់), themselves (ពួក​គាត់ផ្ទាល់) និង​សព្វនាម​​ផ្សេង​ទៀត​ដែល​មាន​ពាក្យ -self ឬ selves ខាង​ក្រោយ។

They claim to support themselves. I myself doubt it. (ខ្ញុំ​ខ្លួនខ្ញុំ​ផ្ទាល់​សង្ស័យ​អំពី​រឿង​ហ្នឹង។)

Reciprocal Pronoun
គឺ ​ជាស​ព្វនាមបញ្ជាក់​ផ្នែកនិមួយ​ៗ​នៃពហុវចនះរបស់  antecedent​។ ដូចជា each other (ទៅ​វិញ​ទៅ​មក តែ​សំគាល់​ទៅ​លើ​មនុស្សច្រើន​ជាង​ម្នាក់​ឡើង​ទៅ), one another (មួយ​ផ្សេង​ទៀត)។

We respect each other. (យើង​គោរព​គ្នា​ទៅ​វិញ​ទៅ​មក។)

Indefinite Pronoun
គឺ ​ជាស​ព្វនាមបញ្ជាក់​មិនកំណត់ទៅ​លើបុគ្គល ឬ​វត្ថុ​ណា​មួយ​ជាក់​លាក់ទេ​។ ដូចជា all​​ (ទាំង​អស់ ឬ​ទាំង​មូល), anyone (នណា​ម្នាក់ ឬអ្វី​មួយ), each (និមួយៗ ឬ​ម្នាក់ៗ), និង​​សព្វនាម​ផ្សេង​ទៀត។ 

Everyone is welcome here. (មនុស្ស​គ្រប់​រូប​ត្រូវ​បាន​ស្វាគមន៏​នៅ​ទៅ​នេះ។)


សូមធ្វើ​លំហាត់​នៅ​គេហទំព័រផ្នែកខាង​ស្តាំ English Grammar Exercises (English Hifen) 

Monday, July 11, 2011

PART OF SPEECH AND SENTENCE STRUCTURES

I. PARTS OF SPEECH

1. ហេតុ​អ្វី​បាន​ជា​យើង​សិក្សា​ Parts of Speech?
ចំណាំ: យើង​មិន​អាច​បក​ប្រែ​ពាក្យ Parts of Speech ថា​ជា​ផ្នែក​នៃ​សំដី​បាន​ទេ តែ​អត្ថន័យ​របស់​ Parts of Speech គឺ​សំដៅ​ការ​សិក្សា​នៃ​ពាក្យ​ទាំង​ឡាយ​ដែលមាន​មុខងារ​ផ្សេង​ៗ​គ្នា​ក្នុង​ប្រ​យោគ​មួយអោយ​ច្បាស់​លាស់។
Ex: I go to school to study English. (មុខងារ​របស់ I​ ជា ស័ព្ទនាមជា​ប្រធាន, go ជា​កិរិយា​ស័ព្ទ​បំបែក, to ជា​អាយតនិបាត, school ជានាមតែដើរតួជា​គុណ​កិរិយា​បញ្ជាក់​ទី​កន្លែង, to study ជាកិរិយាស័ព្ទ​មិន​ទាន់​បំបែក, English ជានាម។

 កា​រ​សិក្សា​ Parts of Speech គឺ​ដើម្បី​អោយ​បាន​ដឹង​អំពីឈ្មោះ និងនិយម​ន័យ​របស់ Parts of Speech ដើម្បី​កំណត់​ពាក្យ និង​យល់​​អោយ​បាន​ច្បាស់​ក្នុង​ការ​ប្រើ​ប្រាស់​វេយ្យាករណ៏​បាន​ត្រឹម​ត្រូវ ជា​ពិសេស​គឺ​យើង​ចាំ​បាច់​ដឹង​ថា​ពាក្យ​មួយ​​ដែល​នៅ​ក្នុង​ប្រយោគ​មួយ​មាន​មុខ​ងារ​ជា​អ្វី?

1.1. តើនាមគឺ​ជា​អ្វី What is a noun?
នាម (Noun) សំរាប់​ដាក់​ឈ្មោះមនុស្ស, ឈ្មោះទីកន្លែង, ឈ្មោះវត្ថុ, គំនិតយោបល់ ដូចជា student, college, textbook ។ល។


ប្រភេទ​នាម:
Proper Noun (អសាធារណនាម) 
គឺ​ជា​នាមបញ្ជាទៅ​លើ មនុស្សណា​ម្នាក់, ទី​កន្លែង, ឬ​វត្ថុ ហើយ​ជា​ទូ​ទៅចំពោះ​នាម​នេះ​គេ​តែង​តែ​សរសេរ​អក្សរ​ធំ​នៅ​ពីដើម​នៃ​ពាក្យ។ ដូចជា Cambodiana, Paris, Sonirouk។

Common Noun (សាធារណនាម)
គឺ​ជា​នាម​បញ្ជាក់ទៅ​លើជា​ក្រុម, ជា​កន្លែង, មនុស្ស​ ឬ​វត្ថុ ដែល​មិន​ជាក់​លាក់។ ដូចជា Singer (មិន​ដឹង​ជា​នណា), city (មិន​ដឹង​ទី​ក្រុង​មួយ​ណា), automobile (មិន​ដឹង​រថយន្ត​ម៉ាក​ស្អី)។ល។

Concrete Noun (នាមរូបី)
គឺ​​ជា​នាម​បញ្ជាក់វត្ថុ​តាម​រយះ​វិញ្ញាណ ការមើលឃើញ, ការ​ស្តាប់​លឺ, ឱជារស, ការក្លិន, និង​ការ​ស្ទាប​ឬ​ប៉ះ។ ដូចជា landscape (ទេសភាព), pizza (នុំភីហ្សា), thunder (ផ្ទរលាន់)។ល។

Abstract Noun (នាម​អរូបី)
គឺ​ជា​នាម​បញ្ជាក់នូវ​អ្វី​ដែល​យើង​មិន​អាច​កំណត់​ក្រៅពីវិញ្ញាណ។ ដូច​ជា freedom, (សេរីភាព), shyness (ភាព​អៀន​ខ្មាស់)។ល។

Collective Noun (សហនាម)
គឺ​ជា​នាម​បញ្ជាក់ជា​លក្ខណះ​ក្រុម។​ ដូច​ជា family (គ្រួសារ), team (ក្រុម)​។ល។

Non-count Noun or Mass Noun (នាម​មិន​អាច​រាប់)
គឺ​ជា​នាម​ដែល​មិន​អាច​រាប់បាន​។ ដូច​ជា water (ទឹក), time (ពេល​វេលា)។ល។
ចំណាំ: ចំពោះនាម​ដែល​មិន​អាច​រាប់​បាន​ យើង​អាច​រាប់​នៅ​ពេល​ណា​យើង​យក​ពាក្យ​មួយ​ទៀត​មក​ដាក់​ពី​មុខ​នាម​នោះ​​ដើម្បី​រាប់។ ដូច​ជា two bottles of water (ទឹក​ពីរ​ដប់) គឺ​យើង​រាប់​ចំនួន​ដប​​តែ​មិន​មែន​រាប់​ចំនួន​ទឹក​ទេ។

Count Noun (នាម​អាច​រាប់​បាន)
គឺ​ជា​នាមដែល​អាច​រាប់។ ដូច​ជា lake (បឹង), minute (នាទី)។ល។

សូមធ្វើ​លំហាត់​នៅ​គេហទំព័រផ្នែកខាង​ស្តាំ English Grammar Exercises (English Hifen)

Sunday, May 22, 2011

Blood Pressure and Sugar Increasing

On Sunday, May 22, 2011 at 8:15am, I went to BELTEI compound to check the students of grade 9 and grade 12 who study the extra class in order to prepare their state exam which will be held in June 2011. After having coffee at the coffee shop where is near BELTEI 8,

I came back home and chatted with the house owner whose I have rent at the first floor. Chatting about 35 minutes, I went to have lunch. I raise my left hand to see the time. It was 11:05am, and I rode my bicycle to the south in order to find a small restaurant for my lunch time.

While I was having lunch, I felt dizzy, It seemed my healthy was going weak. I stopped having lunch and paid the money for food. Recently, I went to see a doctor where is opposite the small restaurant that I had just had lunch.

When I arrived the clinic, I asked a doctor to check my blood pressure and test my blood to control the sugar in my body. The doctor took 15 minutes to check my blood. He told me that my blood pressure is 13. It means it is higher than before. Normally, my blood has only 12. After checking it, I suggested him to test my blood to check the sugar in my body. He used a material to check the sugar, and he told me that the sugar in my body is 201. It was over dose.

He said he couldn't judge the accuracy sugar at that time so that he suggested me to check the sugar tomorrow morning before having breakfast. I felt upset when I got that news from the doctor; hence, I am waiting until tomorrow morning to check the blood and sugar again to make sure that I have problems with blood pressure and sugar over dose or not.

I rode my bicycle to my home, and I got bed. I still have dizzy, so I decided to get my laptop with the qb internet to sign in my website in order to note some lines about the situation which has happened to me. While I was typing on my website, I felt unhappy, for I find that only I myself who is a supporter in my family. I need to be strong to help my children to complete their study in university. If I face these problems, my children will be faced the trouble with their study, too.

Universal gods always help people in the worldwide, but gods sometimes never seen the people who get troubles with their living, too. We ourselves have to live in struggle until the end of our lives. I do hope all my children will fight for their living in the society when I am passed away.

Monday, May 16, 2011

Not Having Religious Discrimination In Cambodia

In the morning on May 16, 2011 at 8:45am, I went to the coffee shop to drink coffee with my friends. Some of them believe different religions. I am one of them who is a Buddhist. Mr. Dara is a Christian, Mr.Sopheak is Muslim, and Mr. Seng is a Kong Si Im religion. Although we have different religions, but we are friends. We are happy to discuss about the situation which are taking place in the world particularly the war that are happening between Cambodia-Thai borders.

In our country has many religions, and Cambodian people have the right to respect to the religion that they have made up their mind to follow its. Otherwise, we have never had these issues. I find that the people who worship different religions in Cambodia have never got into argument because of the Cambodia leader gives the right to the people believe their own religions even though Buddhist religion is belong to the government

Many countries face problems with the religions. Thailand is the one of them that face many conflicts especially the people living in the south of Thailand. I have always seen the killing on the TV news about Muslim and Buddhist were killed. The issues which are being happened in Thailand because of the Thai leader doesn't care the other religious people (not Buddhist) that why the conflicts are always taking place in that country.

I am so proud to be Cambodian people in this era. Now we unite. We have the same ideas to think about our country particularly the conflict which has happened at the Cambodia-Thai borders. I do hope all Cambodian people still keep this event in order to develop (not standstill) the country in the near future.

Saturday, May 14, 2011

The Three Days of King Birthday Ceremony

The Cambodia King Birthday is holding from May 13-15, 201l. All Cambodian people are my allowed to have three days off in this occasion. For BELTEI International Institute in Phnom Penh, Cambodia, H.E. Ly Chheng, a Director-General of BELTEI GROUP, has arranged a tour for all the deputy campus directors who in charge of General English and General Education to trip to Angkor Wat where is located in Siem Riep province.

All the campus directors are taking responsible for permanence in their campuses. I am one of them who are standing by for my campus where's located opposite the Pochengtong market. In this occasion, I don't know where should I go after controlling the security guards and check the attendance in order to make sure who are absent. I ride a bike around the Pochengtong area to view the scenery and to do exercise.

Most of Phnom Penh dwellers are visiting the countryside because they are bored with the traffic jam, air pollution, etc., and some others are staying at home to watch TV or surf the net. They don't want to go outside from 9:00am to 4:30pm because of the hot weather.

When I ride my bicycle around the Pochengtong or Phnom Penh downtown, the transportation on the roads are decreased. It makes me easy to ride from one place to the others. Normally, I have to spend at least 20 minutes to ride my bike from Pochengtong to the downtown, but today I spent only 15 minutes to be there. It means that the people who are living in the city or capital are changing their habit from traveling in the downtown to visiting the countryside. For the rich people, they bought houses for relaxing in the provinces when they are free from work or in the national holidays.

They start talking about the advantage of forest, weather, environment which I have never heard them to mention about them before, and they also begin thinking about natural resources because they understand clearly about world natural disasters which are destroyed by the human being in the world.

Friday, February 11, 2011

Tour To Vietnam In Chinese New Year

In Chinese New Year, BELTEI Team Leader was led by H.E. Ly Chheng, a director-general of BELTEI Group, to visit Vietnam from February 3-
8, 2011. I was one of them who has been there.

In the early morning on Thursday, February 3, 2011, the team leaders started their trip at 5:30am from Phnom Penh to Svay Rieng where is located near the Cambodia-Vietnam borders. We arrived there at 3:25am, and we had breakfast at one of a restaurant for a short time, then we continued to cross the Cambodia-Vietnam border.

The two pictures were taken in the Dam Sen's Amusement Park. In that place, we were able to play many kinds of games especially we visited in the ice museum which has a lot of sculptures made by ice. I was very cold because it is -0 degree C. We took pictures at the exit way after we visited it. standing in the middle is H.E. Ly Chheng, an adviser of Ministry Council and also a Director-General of BELTEI Group. Some of them are couples because their wives accompanied with. After visiting the amusement park, we were having dinner in a restaurant in here, too. We came back to the HOANG PHU GIA HOTEL, the three stars hotel in Ho Chi Minh City with the address Tel: (84.8) 3925 2555, 3925 9341, 3925 9342, Fax: (84.8) 3925 9343, Email: info@hoangphugiahotel.com.vn, Website: www.hoangphugiahotel.com.vn, to relax one night.

In the early morning on Friday, February 4, 2011, our team leaders who were led by H.E Ly Chheng, a director-general, to Nha Trang, Vietnam to visit some famous places in there. We were spending one day from Ho Chi Minh city to Nha Trang. On the way to Nha Trang, we got a news from our relatives about Cambodia-Thailand exchange gun, missile and artillery at 4:47pm or we could say the heavy combat between two sides. All of us were thinking about results of fighting at the Preah Vihear Temple although we have known that our army have more experiences than Thai army, but we still worried about damaging of ancient temple which is 900 years old.  When we arrived Nha Trang, the bus took us to a C30-Glory Hotel, the two stars hotel with the address Tel: (84) 58 3524281, 85 3624438, Fax: 84583524283, 84978758888, Email: gloryhotelnhatrang@gmail.com, Website: gloryhotelnhatrang.com, to relax there for one night, too. I took this picture where was in front of a museum which is a France construction during the France colony in Vietnam.

In the morning after having breakfast, we went to one of pagodas in Nha Trang. This is a Vietnamese Pagoda. Most of Vietnamese people are strongly believe that this pagoda is effectiveness. Some of them said if someone doesn't have child, she will go to that place and pray to the god then they will get a child after praying a few months.

I was standing in front of the pagoda. Then I entered it and pray to the god to help my family and I to be happy and prosperity in Chinese New Year, too. After that we were on the way to a Champa Temple which was built in the Champa's King era, but now this country was invaded by Vietnam and Cambodia, and those people live as the ethnic since then.
 
This is the Cham's temple which I have above mentioned. When we arrived there, we were able to see the dancing style of Cham and listen to music of Cham and see the sculptures that are not much more beautiful than Cambodia sculptures on the Angkor Wat wall. However, it has been shown the history of human being and teach us to be careful when we disunite our country will be invade by the neighbors.